The Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom, originally the Crown Jewels of England, are a collection of royal ceremonial objects kept in the Tower of London, which include the regalia and vestments worn by British kings and queens at their coronations.. Symbols of years of monarchy, the coronation regalia are the only working set in Europe and the collection is the most historically complete Often described as the 'Jewel in the Crown', British India played a key role (economic, strategic, military) in the expansion and consolidation of British Empire. In the 18th century India had been a territory held by the English East India Company; by the midth century India became a crown colony and an integral part of the British Empire Mar 03, · Beginning of the Raj. In , British Crown rule was established in India, ending a century of control by the East India Company. The life and death struggle that preceded this
British crown empire essay in jewel - blogger.com
The Amritsar massacre, the grim anniversary of which India marked on Saturday, is one of the best-known examples of the atrocities committed by the British during their two-century colonial rule of India. But, numerically, its total of 1, victims looks like a small blot among the millions of deaths India suffered during the empire's prolonged misrule and exploitation.
From the 18th to the 20th century, various parts of India endured over a dozen devastating famines, which killed tens of millions of people, most of the events exacerbated, if not outright caused, by the colonial administration. The East India Company EICmerchants with their own army who ruled India on behalf of the British crown, were ruthlessly effective in generating exports and profits from the colonized land — ruthlessness being a key part of the efficiency. Exports of Indian produce — rice, tea, wheat, and even, illegally, opium — were a vital boost for the British economy, british crown empire essay in jewel keep food prices low at home and generating income from sales to other nations, like China.
The EIC did not hesitate to decrease the areas for food crops and even destroy food plants to make room for other crops needed for export, including opium poppies. Many scholars agree that in a lot of the cases, famine would have come anyway, considering the poor rainfall and underdeveloped transportation, among other things — but it was made that much worse by the Brits, who exploited agriculture while failing to offset its troubles with proper investment.
The British response to famine was often inaction, at least until their troops were affected, like in Orissa inwhere a third of the regional population died before aid was finally sent in. As the British crown empire essay in jewel Famine of struck Madras and Bombay, the British administration thought the free market would sort it out and government interference would only hurt in the long run.
It took 5. At the turn of the century, the British Viceroy cut rations saying famine relief was "philanthropy" and "complacency"which resulted in another million deaths, british crown empire essay in jewel. The most recent and infamous is the Bengal Famine ofbritish crown empire essay in jewel, when 1. Until recently, the Bengal Famine was attributed to the sheer ineptitude of the British british crown empire essay in jewel, which could not be bothered to divert attention and resources from the war effort.
But the book 'Churchill's Secret War' lays the blame directly at the feet of then-prime minister Winston Churchill and his "racism.
It would be wrong to fail to recognize the brutality of the Indian mutineers who rose up in — it was the Indians who started the killing, after all, and the victims on the British side numbered in the thousands.
It would be equally wrong to fail to acknowledge what drove them to revolt, or how disproportionate in both scale and brutality the British response was. The rebellion kicked off in May over what might seem a trifle: the Brits had introduced to the Indian troops sepoys, as they were called at the time new breech-loading Enfield rifles, the paper-wrapped cartridges of which had to be bitten off at one end to prepare for firing.
Those cartridges, according to a rumor spread among Indian soldiers, were lubricated with pig and cow lard — making oral contact with them anathema to both Muslims and Hindus.
This minute detail, which was never even proven to be true, capped off a mountain of very real grievances between the British Raj and the Indian population. So, when soldiers in Meerut, Bengal refused to take the offending Enfield cartridges and were subsequently sentenced to long prison terms, then freed by their comrades, who shot their British officers and marched on Delhi — the entire thing quickly spiraled from a soldiers' mutiny into a popular rebellion.
As the rebels sought to restore pre-British Mughal rule, the uprising soon engulfed the north of the country, its first stages marked by massacres of British civilians, soldiers, british crown empire essay in jewel, and loyal Indian troops, british crown empire essay in jewel. Estimates of British deaths range from 6, to 40, with historical accounts speaking of murders of women and children, rape, and torture, british crown empire essay in jewel.
However, as the Brits got their feet under them, and were reinforced from home, they started to respond in kind. Word of the rebels' atrocities spread through the British papers, and the soldiers were seen not as conquerors anymore, but as bringers of vengeance for innocent lives.
No response was deemed disproportionate — and an estimatedIndians died in the quelling and its aftermath. Brits perpetrated massacres as they recaptured Delhi and other cities. Sepoys were bayoneted, british crown empire essay in jewel, tortured, and tied to cannon muzzles to be shot point-blank. But illustrations of that are scarce among those depicting British soldiers as heroic liberators.
After the rebellion, the rule over India was transferred from the EIC to the crown, under what is known as the British Raj — until the partitioning and independence of The same ruling that brought India independence also resulted in one of, if not the worst instances of mass migration in history, a division of enormous territories along religious lines and a scar on both the land and the collective consciousness of two peoples — as well as over a million british crown empire essay in jewel and thousands of stories of atrocities and hardship which could have been avoided with better planning british crown empire essay in jewel the part of the retreating Brits.
The British government decided british crown empire essay in jewel cede power to Indian leadership inbut the initial plan was to keep the country whole — merely designating grouped provinces as majority Muslim and majority Hindu, british crown empire essay in jewel, to accommodate the deepening split between the country's two major religious groups, represented by the two largest political parties — the Muslim League and the Indian National Congress.
That plan came crashing down when in August communal tensions boiled over into what is now known as the Great Calcutta Killings.
The Muslim League staged a Direct Action Day, ostensibly a peaceful protest to demand a separate homeland for Muslims, which spiraled into a massacre of an estimated 4, people over the span of days. The British plan was then altered and accelerated — India would be split, Pakistan would be created, and independence would british crown empire essay in jewel several months earlier. The sometimes-voiced trope that the fate of the partition was decided over a single lunch is a bit of an embellishment — but several weeks of planning hardly proved a better time frame.
The partition plan, with the border slashing through the mixed Hindu-Muslim regions of Punjab and Bengal, was presented in June by the last British viceroy, Louis Mountbatten, who did not see the need to organize an orderly transfer of populations, believing local authorities would sort it out as needed.
What resulted was the uprooting of 15 million people and the deaths of over a million. Let loose by the officially announced religious divide, yesterday's neighbors began killing each other and taking away each other's homes and livelihoods, settling old feuds with blood and perpetrating localized ethnic cleansing.
Afraid of becoming minorities in what used to be their own land, people fled in both directions across the border, as well as out of the regions altogether. Punjab and Bengal, as well as Sindh, Uttar Pradesh, and Kashmir a disputed flashpoint to this day were among the worst affected areas. Survivors' accounts, refreshed by the recent 70th anniversary of the partition, british crown empire essay in jewel, tell of torched houses, viciously slaughtered locals, frantic flights in caravans that were attacked and looted, women abducted and raped.
Over 5, such accounts have been collected by one online resourcecomplete with a map that shows the mind-boggling scale of the displacement.
British imperialists argue that in the end, India is better off, pointing to the staples of progress colonial rule brought in. But whether or not railroads, education, and cricket were worth two centuries of ruthless economic exploitation, cultural suppression, and millions of lives, is a question few are prepared to ask without flinching. We have implemented a new engine for our comment section. We hope the transition goes smoothly for all of you.
Unfortunately, the comments made before the change have been lost due to a technical problem. We are working on restoring them, and hoping to see you fill up the comment section with new ones. You should still be able to log in to comment using your social-media profiles, but if you signed up under an RT profile before, you are invited to create a new profile with the new commenting system. This website uses cookies, british crown empire essay in jewel.
Read RT Privacy policy to find out more. العربية ESP РУС DE FR. Where to watch. RT Shop. RT Question more. Covid Freedom Index. Home World News. Get short URL. Measuring land for cultivation, Allahabad, India, Follow RT on. From the East India Company to the Raj, India was a British colony until the midth century.
And despite nostalgic imperialists extolling the virtues of the empire's rule, it left behind millions of victims. Amritsar massacre. Famine victims before the British authorities, The storming of Delhi by British forces, Refugees cram the coaches of a train, the buffers and the roof as they prepare to leave the New Delhi area for Pakistan, Refugees from small villages throng platform and railway lines as they await their trains to take them out of Pakistan and into India, Trends: India news UK news.
Media News. US is manufacturing a crisis in Venezuela so that there is chaos and 'needed' intervention. Dear readers and commenters, We have implemented a new engine for our comment section. Sorry for the inconvenience, and looking forward to your future comments, RT Team. Do the right thing? Venezuelan defense minister responds to Bolton's calls to defect. Lost in translation: CIA ad seeking Russian speakers mocked for broken grammar.
Trump wrecked summit with Kim by suggesting N, british crown empire essay in jewel. Korea give all its nukes to US — report.
Teslas keep troves of drivers' personal data, even after they're scrapped — or resold. Tory relationship with European integration is a career-killing horror story VIDEO.
Israeli settlers are victims of occupation just as we are — Palestinian resistance icon Tamimi to RT. العربية esp рус de fr. RT News App. All rights reserved. Accept cookies.
The British Crown Jewels
, time: 2:10What is the jewel in the crown imperialism? – AnswersToAll
Nov 23, · The British termed India as the “Jewel in the crown” because; Access to India made the region the most valuable colony for the British. Prior to colonizing India, Britain had access to North Answer (1 of 2): The Indian Empire's territories extended from Yemen and Kuwait to Burma; Singapore split in only after extensive lobbying. The rupee was the currency of East Africa and the Persian Gulf. Indian migrants outnumbered British in most countries around the Indian Ocean. Most cru Jun 22, · 7, Hyperborea. Jun 21, #4. In the 17th century the Moghul Empire was one of the great empires in history and second only to China in global power. European ambassadors couldn't even secure an audience with high up officials, let alone monarchs, had little the Indians saw as worth to trade and were seen as poor barbarians. In the 18th
No comments:
Post a Comment