In many ways, World War 2 was a direct result of the turmoil left behind by World War 1. Below are some of the main causes of World War 2. Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles ended World War I between Germany and the Allied Powers. Because Germany had lost the war, the treaty was very harsh against Germany. Germany was forced to Apr 10, · Political: One of the positive effects of World War 2 was the establishment of the United Nations; although UN was built on the League of Nations, it led to the body formulating several rules and regulations to prevent any outbreaks of hostilities. It also sanctioned the use of UN to employ troops as a peacekeeping force which it does, to this day World War I: Deadliest War Ever World war 1 lasted from august to November With this war being the deadliest with over 16 million deaths which was between the allied powers which included Serbia, Britain, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, Italy, Belgium, and the united states versus the central powers which included Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and the
World War I in Photos: Introduction - The Atlantic
World War I, also known as the Great War, began in after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, causes of world war 2 essay.
His murder catapulted into a war across Europe that lasted until During the conflict, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire the Central Powers fought against Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Romania, Japan and the United States the Allied Powers.
Thanks to new military technologies and causes of world war 2 essay horrors of trench warfare, World War I saw unprecedented levels of carnage and destruction.
By the time the war was over and the Allied Powers claimed victory, causes of world war 2 essay than 16 million people—soldiers and civilians alike—were dead. Tensions had been brewing throughout Europe—especially in the troubled Balkan region of southeast Europe—for years before World War I actually broke out. A number of alliances involving European powers, the Ottoman EmpireRussia and other parties had existed for years, but political instability in the Balkans particularly Bosnia, Serbia and Herzegovina threatened to destroy these agreements.
The spark that ignited World War I was struck in Sarajevo, Bosnia, where Archduke Franz Ferdinand —heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire—was shot to death along with his wife, Sophie, by the Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip on June 28, Princip and other nationalists were struggling to end Austro-Hungarian rule over Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The assassination of Franz Ferdinand set off a rapidly escalating chain of events: Austria-Hungarylike many countries around the world, blamed the Serbian government for the attack and hoped to use the incident as justification for settling the question of Serbian nationalism once and for all.
READ MORE: 8 Events Leading to the Outbreak of World War I. Because mighty Russia supported Serbia, Austria-Hungary waited to declare war until its leaders received assurance from German leader Kaiser Wilhelm II that Germany would support their cause.
The Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary then sent an ultimatum to Serbia, with such harsh terms as to make it almost impossible to accept.
Convinced that Austria-Hungary was readying for war, causes of world war 2 essay, the Serbian government ordered the Causes of world war 2 essay army to mobilize and appealed to Russia for assistance. Within a week, Russia, Belgium, France, causes of world war 2 essay, Great Britain and Serbia had lined up against Austria-Hungary and Germany, and World War I had begun.
READ MORE: World War I Battles: Timeline, causes of world war 2 essay. According to an aggressive military strategy known as the Schlieffen Plan named for its mastermind, German Field Marshal Alfred von SchlieffenGermany began fighting World War I on two fronts, invading France through neutral Belgium in the west and confronting Russia in the east.
On August 4,German troops crossed the border into Belgium. In the first battle of World War I, the Germans assaulted the heavily fortified city of Liegeusing the most powerful weapons in their arsenal—enormous siege cannons—to capture the city by August The Germans left death and destruction in their wake as they advanced through Belgium toward France, shooting civilians and executing a Belgian priest they had accused of inciting civilian resistance.
In the First Battle of the Marnefought from September, French and British forces confronted the invading Germany army, which had by then penetrated deep into northeastern France, within 30 miles of Paris.
The Allied troops checked the German advance and mounted a successful counterattack, causes of world war 2 essay, driving the Germans back to north of the Aisne River. The defeat meant the end of German plans for a quick victory in France. Both sides dug into trenchesand the Western Front was the setting for a hellish war of attrition that would last more than three years.
Particularly long and costly battles in this campaign were fought at Causes of world war 2 essay February-December and the Battle of the Somme July-November German and French troops suffered close to a million casualties in the Battle of Verdun alone. READ MORE: 10 Things You May Not Know About the Battle of Verdun. In the latter poem, McCrae writes from the perspective of the fallen soldiers:.
To you from failing hands we throw The torch; be yours to hold it high. If ye break faith with us who die We shall not sleep, though poppies grow In Flanders fields.
Visual artists like Otto Dix of Germany and British painters Wyndham Lewis, Paul Nash and David Bomberg used their firsthand experience as soldiers in World War I to create their art, capturing the anguish of trench warfare and exploring causes of world war 2 essay themes of technology, violence and landscapes decimated by war. READ MORE: How World War I Changed Literature, causes of world war 2 essay.
On the Eastern Front of World War I, Russian forces invaded the German-held regions of East Prussia and Poland, but were stopped short by German and Austrian forces at the Battle of Tannenberg in late August READ MORE: Was Germany Doomed by the Schlieffen Plan? This increased hostility was directed toward the imperial regime of Czar Nicholas II and his unpopular German-born wife, Alexandra.
Russia reached an armistice with the Central Powers in early Decemberfreeing German troops to face the remaining Allies on the Western Front. At the outbreak of fighting inthe United States remained on the sidelines of World War I, adopting the policy of neutrality favored by President Woodrow Wilson while continuing to engage in commerce and shipping with European countries on both sides of the conflict. InGermany declared the waters surrounding the British Isles to be a war zone, and German U-boats sunk several commercial and passenger vessels, including some U.
Widespread protest over the sinking by U-boat of the British ocean liner Lusitania —traveling from New York to Liverpool, England with hundreds of American passengers onboard—in May helped turn the tide of American public opinion against Germany.
Germany sunk four more U. merchant ships the following month, and on April 2 Woodrow Wilson appeared before Congress and called for a declaration of war against Germany. READ MORE: Should the US Have Entered World War I? With World War I having effectively settled into a stalemate in Europe, the Allies attempted to score a victory against the Ottoman Empire, which entered the conflict on the side of the Central Powers in late After a failed attack on the Dardanelles the strait linking the Sea of Marmara with the Aegean SeaAllied forces led by Britain launched a large-scale land invasion of the Gallipoli Peninsula in April The invasion also proved a dismal failure, and in January Allied forces staged a full retreat from the shores of the peninsula after sufferingcasualties.
British-led forces also combated the Ottoman Turks in Egypt and Mesopotamiawhile in northern Italy, causes of world war 2 essay, Austrian and Italian troops faced off in a series of 12 battles along the Isonzo River, located at the border between the two nations. In the Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo, also known as the Battle of Caporetto OctoberGerman reinforcements helped Austria-Hungary win a decisive victory.
British and Causes of world war 2 essay later, American—troops arrived in the region, and the Allies began to take back the Italian Front, causes of world war 2 essay. The biggest naval engagement of World War I, the Battle of Jutland May left British naval superiority on the North Sea intact, and Germany would make no further attempts to break an Allied naval blockade for the remainder of the war.
World War I was the first major conflict to harness the power of planes. At the dawn of World War I, aviation was a relatively new field; the Wright brothers took their first sustained flight just eleven years before, in Aircraft were initially used primarily for causes of world war 2 essay missions.
During the First Battle of the Marne, information passed from pilots allowed the allies to exploit weak spots in the German lines, helping the Allies to push Germany out of France, causes of world war 2 essay. The first machine guns were successfully mounted on planes in June of in the United States, but were imperfect; if timed incorrectly, a bullet could easily destroy the propeller of the plane it came from.
The Morane-Saulnier L, a French plane, provided a solution: The propeller was armored with deflector wedges that prevented bullets from hitting it. The Morane-Saulnier Type L was used by the French, the British Royal Flying Corps part of the Armythe British Royal Navy Air Service and the Imperial Russian Air Service.
The British Bristol Type 22 was another popular model used for both reconnaissance work and as a fighter plane. Dutch inventor Anthony Fokker improved upon the French deflector system in Though his most popular plane during WWI was the single-seat Fokker Eindecker, Fokker created over 40 kinds of airplanes for the Germans. first introduced in were used to strike cities like London. On April 1,the British created the Royal Air Force, or RAF, the first air force to be a separate military branch independent from the navy or army.
With Germany able to build up its strength on the Western Front after the armistice with Russia, Allied troops struggled to hold off another German offensive until promised reinforcements from the United States were able to arrive. On July 15,German troops launched what would become the last German offensive of the war, attacking French forces joined by 85, American troops as well as some of the British Causes of world war 2 essay Force in the Second Battle of the Marne.
The Allies successfully pushed back the German offensive and launched their own counteroffensive just three days later. The Second Battle of the Marne turned the tide of war decisively towards the Allies, who were able to regain much of France and Belgium in the months that followed.
By the time World War I began, there were four all-Black regiments in the U. military: the 24th and 25th Infantry and the 9th and 10th Cavalry. All four regiments comprised of celebrated soldiers who fought in the Spanish-American War and American-Indian Warsand served in the American territories. But they were not deployed for overseas combat in World Causes of world war 2 essay I.
Blacks serving alongside white soldiers on the front lines in Europe was inconceivable to the U. Instead, the first African American troops sent overseas served in segregated labor battalions, restricted to menial roles in the Army and Navy, and shutout of the Marines, entirely. Their duties mostly included unloading ships, transporting materials from train depots, bases and ports, digging trenches, cooking and maintenance, removing barbed wire and inoperable equipment, and burying soldiers, causes of world war 2 essay.
Facing criticism from the Black community and civil rights organizations for its quotas and treatment of African American soldiers in the war effort, the military formed two Black combat units inthe 92nd and 93rd Divisions.
Trained separately and inadequately in the United States, the divisions fared differently in the war. The 92nd faced criticism for their performance in the Meuse-Argonne campaign in September The 93rd Division, however, had more success.
With dwindling armies, France asked America for reinforcements, and General John Pershingcommander of the American Expeditionary Forces, sent regiments in the 93 Division to over, since France had experience fighting alongside Black soldiers from their Senegalese French Colonial army. More thanAfrican American soldiers would serve in World War I in various capacities. READ MORE: A Harlem Hellfighter's Searing Tales from the WWII Trenches.
Despite the Turkish victory at Gallipoli, later defeats by invading forces and an Arab revolt that destroyed the Ottoman economy and devastated its land, and the Turks signed a treaty with the Allies in late October Austria-Hungary, dissolving from within due to growing nationalist movements among its diverse population, reached an armistice on November 4, causes of world war 2 essay.
Facing dwindling resources on the battlefield, discontent on the homefront and the surrender of its allies, Germany was finally forced to seek an armistice on November 11,ending World War I. READ MORE: Why World War I Ended With an Armistice Instead of a Surrender. At the Paris Peace Conference incauses of world war 2 essay, Allied leaders stated their desire to build a post-war world that would safeguard itself against future conflicts of such devastating scale.
As the years passed, hatred of the Versailles treaty and its authors settled into a smoldering resentment in Germany that would, two decades later, be counted among the causes of World War II.
READ MORE: The Treaty of Versailles Punished Germany With These Provisions. World War I took the lives of more than 9 million soldiers; 21 million more were wounded. Civilian casualties numbered close to 10 million. The two nations most affected were Germany and France, each of which sent some 80 percent of their male populations between the ages of 15 and 49 into battle.
READ MORE: The Perilous But Critical Role of World War I Runners. The political disruption surrounding World War I also contributed to the fall of four venerable imperial dynasties: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia and Turkey. World War I brought about massive social upheaval, as millions of women entered the workforce to replace men who went to war and those who never came back.
The severe effects that chemical weapons such as mustard gas and phosgene had on soldiers and civilians during World War I galvanized public and military attitudes against their continued use. The Geneva Convention agreements, signed inrestricted the use of chemical and biological agents in warfare and remains in effect today. FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness.
But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! HISTORY reviews and updates causes of world war 2 essay content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. When World War Causes of world war 2 essay broke out across Europe inPresident Woodrow Wilson proclaimed the United States would remain neutral, and many Americans supported this policy of nonintervention.
Causes of World War II
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Cause of World War 2 - World War II was a result of several factors that were the legacies of World War I. To know what those factors are in detail, read the article. Download causes of World War II Notes PDF for Free. For UPSC , follow BYJU’S World War I: Deadliest War Ever World war 1 lasted from august to November With this war being the deadliest with over 16 million deaths which was between the allied powers which included Serbia, Britain, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, Italy, Belgium, and the united states versus the central powers which included Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and the Oct 25, · World War II officially began on September 1, Germany conquered – Poland, Norway, Denmark, Belgium, Holland and France. Battle of Britain – Germany vs Britain (air battle; German Air force =Luftwaffe).; Battle of Stalingrad – Germany vs USSR. (Operation of Barbaressa ( = Attack on Yugoslavia and Greece; Russia countered attack on Moscow
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